(Exodus 12:43-51)
Historical Context:
God commands Israel to keep the Passover as a perpetual ordinance and it was sacred commemoration of Israel’s deliverance from Egypt.
Key Themes:
• The exclusivity of Passover (only for those in covenant/Not foreigners/God’s chosen people).
• Circumcision as a sign of belonging to God’s people. Salvation is not based on ethnicity but on covenant relationship with God. (Galatians 3:28)
• Obedience to God’s instructions.
Word Studies:
• A “hired servant” (śākîr, שָׂכִיר) was a temporary worker, not part of the household covenant.
• Ordinance (חֻקָּה, chuqqah) – A statute or lasting decree.
• “Statute” (חֻקָּה, ḥuqqāh) implies an ordinance to be observed permanently.
• “Foreigner” (ben-nēḵār, בֶּן-נֵכָר) refers to a non-Israelite who has no covenant relationship with Yahweh.
Application:
• How does our participation in the New Covenant (Lord’s Supper) relate to the Passover?
• What does it mean to be set apart for God?
Welcome to:
(Gen. 17:9–14; Ex. 12:1–13)
43 And the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “This is
the ordinance of the Passover: No foreigner shall eat it.
44 But every man’s servant who is bought for money,
when you have circumcised him, then he may eat it.
45 A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat it.
46 In one house it shall be eaten; you shall not carry
any of the flesh outside the house, nor shall you break
one of its bones.
47 All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.
48 And when a stranger dwells with you and wants to
keep the Passover to the LORD, let all his males be
circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it;
and he shall be as a native of the land. For no
uncircumcised person shall eat it.
49 One law shall be for the native-born and for the
stranger who dwells among you.”
50 Thus all the children of Israel did; as the LORD
commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.
51 And it came to pass, on that very same day, that
the LORD brought the children of Israel out of the land
of Egypt according to their armies.
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